What must an author obtain when using a copyrighted image in a manuscript?

When using a copyrighted image in a manuscript, it is essential for an author to obtain permission from the copyright owner. This is crucial because copyright laws protect the intellectual property rights of the creators of images, ensuring they have control over how their work is used and disseminated. Seeking permission not only adheres to legal requirements but also maintains ethical standards in publishing, promoting respect for the original creator's rights.

Obtaining permission typically involves contacting the copyright owner or their representative (such as a publisher) to request the rights to use the image, often specifying how it will be used, the duration of use, and any requisite attribution. This helps avoid potential legal complications and supports the integrity of the publication process.

In contrast, other choices do not typically align with standard practices regarding the use of copyrighted materials. Approval from a journal's editorial board or waivers do not replace the need to secure copyright owner permission, and submitting a new manuscript would not pertain to the use of copyrighted images in the original work.