What defines dual use research of concern (DURC)?

Dual use research of concern (DURC) refers to research that, while intended for beneficial purposes, has the potential to be misused in ways that could be harmful, particularly regarding public health and safety. This definition encompasses research areas such as biotechnology and life sciences, where the findings could lead to advances in treatment and prevention but could also be exploited to develop bioweapons or cause harm intentionally.

The emphasis on dual use highlights the need for oversight and guidelines to manage the ethical implications of such research, ensuring that it is conducted responsibly and does not endanger society. The correct answer aligns with the concept of DURC, as it recognizes the dual purpose that research can serve – both beneficial and harmful.

The other options do not accurately reflect the characteristics of DURC. For example, research solely benefiting agriculture does not address potential misuse outside of agricultural contexts. Similarly, research with no harmful applications cannot be considered DURC since it does not embody the dual-use nature that defines this type of research. Lastly, research funded by commercial organizations does not inherently indicate that it poses a threat; many such studies are conducted safely and ethically without dual-use concerns.